These tables compare general and technical information for a number of widely used and currently available operating systems.
Note: Because of the large number and variety of available Linux distributions, they are all grouped under a single entry; see comparison of Linux distributions for a detailed comparison. There are also a variety of BSD operating systems, covered in comparison of BSD operating systems.
General information[]
Name | Creator | First public release | Predecessor | Latest stable version | Latest release date | Cost/Availability | Preferred license[g 1] | Target system type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AIX | IBM | 1986 | UNIX System V Release 3 | 6.1 | 2007 | Bundled with hardware | Proprietary | Server, NetApp, Workstation |
AmigaOS Classic | Commodore International, Haage and Partner | 1985 | TRIPOS (as the disk operating component of AmigaOS) | 3.9 | 2008 | Bundled with hardware up to version 2.0. Versions 2.1, 3.0, 3.1, 3.5 and 3.9 also available as separate package. | Proprietary, Open source clone available under AROS Public License | Workstation, Personal computer |
AmigaOS 4 | Hyperion Entertainment | 2004 | AmigaOS Classic | 4.1 Update 2 | 2010 | 4.0 bundled with hardware. 4.0 for classic and 4.1 available as standalone package at € 99. | Proprietary | Workstation, Personal computer |
FreeBSD | The FreeBSD Project | 1993 | 386BSD | 8.1 | 2010 | Free | BSD | Server, Workstation, NetApp, Embedded system |
Haiku | Haiku Inc. | 2009 | BeOS R5 | R1/Alpha2 | 2010 | Free | MIT License | Personal computer |
HP-UX | Hewlett-Packard | 1983 | UNIX System V | 11.31 "11i v3" | 2007 | $400 | Proprietary | Server, Workstation |
IBM i | IBM | 1988 | OS/400 | V6R1.1 | 2009 | Bundled with hardware | Proprietary | Server |
IRIX | SGI | 1988 | UNIX System V | 6.5.30 | 2006 | Bundled with hardware | Proprietary | Server, Workstation |
Inferno | Bell Labs | 1997 | Plan 9 | Fourth Edition | 2007 | Free | MIT/GNU GPL/GNU LGPL/LPL | NetApp, Server, Embedded system |
Linux | Linus Torvalds, et al. | 1992 | Unix[g 2], Minix[g 3] | Linux kernel 2.6.33; GNU C Library 2.11 | 2010 | Costs depend on the distribution | GNU GPL, GNU LGPL and other licenses | See: Comparison of Linux distributions |
Mac OS | Apple Inc. | 1984 | None[g 4][g 5] | 9.2.2 | 2002 | Bundled with 68K and PowerPC Macs;
versions 7-9 sold as retail upgrades[g 6] |
Proprietary | Workstation, Personal computer |
Mac OS X | Apple Inc. | 2001 | NeXTStep / OPENSTEP / Rhapsody, Mac OS, UNIX | 10.6.4 | 2010 | Bundled with hardware; upgrades sold separately: Desktop $169 (Single User Mac Box Set), $29 (Single User Mac OS X v10.5 Upgrade) Family Pack $229 (5 User Mac Box Set), $49 (5 User Mac OS X v10.5 Upgrade) |
Proprietary higher level API layers with Open source core system (Both Intel and PowerPC versions) (APSL, GNU GPL, others) | Workstation, Personal computer, Embedded system |
Mac OS X Server | Apple Inc. | 2001 | NeXTStep / OPENSTEP / Rhapsody, Mac OS | 10.6.3 | 2010 | Bundled with hardware; also sold separately: $499 (unlimited clients) |
Proprietary higher level API layers with Open source core system (Both Intel and PowerPC versions) (APSL, GNU GPL, others) | Server |
Minix3 | Andrew S. Tanenbaum | 2005 | Minix2 | 3.1.7 | 2010 | Free | BSD | Workstation |
NetBSD | The NetBSD Project | 1993 | 386BSD | 5.0.2 | 2010 | Free | BSD | NetApp, Server, Workstation, Embedded system |
NeXTStep | NeXT | 1989 | Unix | 3.3 | 1995 | Bundled with hardware, then sold separately | Proprietary | Workstation |
NetWare | Novell | 1985 | S-Net | 6.5 SP7 | 2007 | $184 (single-user) | Proprietary | Server |
OpenBSD | The OpenBSD Project | 1995 | NetBSD 1.0 | 4.7 | 2010 | Free | BSD | Server, NetApp, Workstation, Embedded system |
OpenVMS | DEC (now HP) | 1977 | RSX-11M | 8.4 | 2010 | only free for non-commercial use | Proprietary | Server, Workstation |
OS/2 | IBM and Microsoft | 1987 | UNIX, Windows 3.x | 4.52 | 2001 | $300 | Proprietary | Personal computer, Server |
PC-BSD | PC-BSD Software | 2006 | FreeBSD[g 7] | 8.1 | 2010 | Free | BSD | Personal computer, Workstation, Server |
Plan 9 | Bell Labs | 1993 | Unix | Fourth Edition | (Daily snapshots) | Free | LPL | Workstation, Server, Embedded system, HPC |
QNX | QNX Software Systems | 1982 | Unix | 6.4.1 | 2009 | Commercial; it exists a free testing version that requires authorization code prior to installation. | Proprietary | Workstation, Server, Embedded system |
Solaris | Sun | 1992 | SunOS | 10 10/09 | 2008 | Free | CDDL | Server, Workstation |
OpenSolaris | Sun | 2008 | Solaris | 2009.06 | 2009 | Free | CDDL | Personal computer, Workstation, Server |
Windows Server (NT family) | Microsoft | 1993 | MS-DOS, OS/2, Windows 3.x | Windows Server 2008 R2 (NT 6.1.7600) | 2009 | $469 Web Server; other editions dependent on number of CALs purchased | Proprietary | Server, NetApp, Embedded system, HPC |
Microsoft Windows (NT family) | Microsoft | 1993 | MS-DOS, OS/2, Windows 3.x | Windows 7 (NT 6.1.7600) | 2009[g 8] | Home Basic (Retail) $99.95, Home Premium (Retail) $119.95, Business (Retail) $299.95, Ultimate (Retail) $300.95[1] | Proprietary | Workstation, Personal computer, Media center, Tablet PC, Embedded system |
Microsoft Windows (Classic family) | Microsoft | 1985 | MS-DOS, Windows 1 and later | Windows ME (Win 4.90.3000) | 2000[g 8] | Outdated product. No longer for sale. | Proprietary | Personal computer, Media center |
RISC OS | Acorn Computers, RISC OS Limited, Castle Technology Ltd | 1989 | ARTHUR, also the BBC Master OS | RISC OS 6.10 Select4i4 and RISC OS 5.13" | 2008 | Bundled with hardware, then sold separately at $127 (£70) | Proprietary | Educational software, Personal computer |
ZETA | yellowTAB | 2005 | BeOS R5 | 1.2 | 2006 | Discontinued | Proprietary | Personal computer, Media center, Workstation |
STOP 6 / XTS-400 | BAE Systems | 2003 | STOP 5 / XTS-300 | 6.4.U1 | 2007 | Unknown; supplied to customers on-demand by BAE Systems | Proprietary | Server, Workstation |
ReactOS | ReactOS development team | 1996 | Windows NT | 0.3.11 | 2009 | Free | GNU GPL, GNU LGPL | Workstation, Personal computer |
z/OS | IBM | 2000 | OS/390 | 1.11 | 2009 | Monthly License Charge (about $130 and up) | Proprietary | IBM mainframe |
z/VM | IBM | 2000 | VM (operating system) | 6.1 | 2009 | Monthly License Charge | Proprietary | IBM mainframe |
Name | Creator | First public release | Predecessor | Latest stable version | Latest release date | Cost/Availability | Preferred license[g 1] | Target system type |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Most OS distributions include bundled software with various other licenses.
- ↑ GNU is a recursive acronym for GNU's Not Unix, which was chosen because its design is Unix-like, but differs from Unix by being Free software and by not containing any Unix code.
- ↑ Minix inspired the Linux kernel. No code from Minix was used to create the Linux kernel.
- ↑ Although Lisa OS ran on the same (albeit a slower version) microprocessor and was developed by Apple Computer at the same time as Mac OS, they were developed as different projects, sharing only a similar GUI between them. http://folklore.org/StoryView.py?story=Hungarian.txt
- ↑ Mac OS 7.6 was the first Mac OS operating system to be labeled Mac OS. Operating systems prior to this were named System Software 0.1 (available only to developers) through System Software 7.5, and known as System #.# for short.
- ↑ Mac OS versions up to 7.5.5 are available free of charge at http://www.info.apple.com/support/oldersoftwarelist.html
- ↑ PC-BSD uses FreeBSD as a base system with custom configuration and several desktop oriented tools to create an easy to use FreeBSD system for Desktops and Workstations.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Windows Vista was released to manufacturing on November 8, 2006, and was subsequently made available to software developers and businesses in November 2006, with retail availability following on January 30, 2007
Technical information[]
Name | Computer architectures supported | File systems supported | Kernel type | Source lines of code | GUI default is on[t 1] | Package management | Update management | Native APIs[t 2] | Non-native APIs supported through subsystems |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AIX | POWER | JFS, JFS2, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, SMBFS, GPFS | Monolithic | No | installp, RPM | Service Update Management Assistant (SUMA) | SysV, POSIX | ||
AmigaOS Classic | 68k | Proprietary (OFS, FFS, SFS, PFS), FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, many others via 3rd party drivers, such as SMBFS, etc. | Microkernel | Yes | Installer[t 3] (almost not necessary)[t 4] | Proprietary | UNIX (BSD) (available through 3rd party ixemul.library) | ||
AmigaOS 4 | PPC | Proprietary (OFS, FFS, SFS, PFS), JXFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, many others via 3rd party drivers, such as SMBFS, etc. | Microkernel | Yes | Installer[t 3] (almost not necessary)[t 4] | AmiUpdate (almost not necessary)[t 5] | Proprietary | UNIX (BSD) (available through 3rd party ixemul.library) | |
FreeBSD | x86, x86-64, PC98, SPARC, others | UFS2, ext2, ext3, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, ReiserFS (read only), XFS (experimental), ZFS and others | Monolithic with modules | No | ports tree, packages | by source, network binary update (freebsdupdate) | POSIX, BSD | Mono, Java, Win16, Win32, Linux | |
Haiku | x86, 68k | BFS (default), FAT, ISO 9660, ext3, NTFS | Hybrid | Yes | - | None | POSIX, BeOS API | ||
HP-UX | PA-RISC, IA-64 | VxFS, HFS, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, SMBFS | Monolithic with modules | No | swinstall | swa (HP-UX Software Assistant) | SysV, POSIX | ||
Inferno | x86, PPC, SPARC, Alpha, MIPS, others | Styx/9P2000, kfs, FAT, ISO 9660 | Monolithic with modules, user space file systems | Yes | ? | ? | Proprietary | ||
Linux | x86, x86-64, PPC, SPARC, Alpha, others | ext2, ext3, ext4, ReiserFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, and others | Monolithic with modules | ~ 9 million [1] (Kernel)
lines of code for userland applications vary depending on the distribution |
See: Comparison of Linux distributions | POSIX | Mono, Java, Win16, Win32 | ||
Mac OS Classic | 68k, PPC | HFS+, HFS, MFS (Mac OS 8.0 and before), AFP, ISO 9660, FAT(System 7 and later), UDF | Monolithic with modules | Yes | None | Software Update (only in Mac OS 9) | Toolbox, Carbon (from version 8.1) | ||
Mac OS X | PPC, x86, x86-64, ARM | HFS+ (default), HFS, UFS, AFP, ISO 9660, FAT, UDF, NFS, SMBFS, NTFS (read only), FTP, WebDAV, ZFS (experimental) | Hybrid | ~86 million[2] | Yes | Mac OS X Installer | Software Update | Carbon, Cocoa, Java, BSD/POSIX | Toolbox (only in versions up to Mac OS X 10.4, not supported on x86 architecture), Win16, Win32 |
Minix3 | x86 | Microkernel | 4000 | No | POSIX | ||||
NetBSD | x86, x86-64, ARM, MIPS, PPC, SPARC64, others | UFS, UFS2, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, NFS, LFS, and others | Monolithic with modules | No[t 6] | pkgsrc | by source or binary (using sysinst) | BSD, POSIX | Linux, others | |
NetWare | x86 | NSS, NWFS, FAT, NFS, AFP, UDF, CIFS, ISO 9660 | Hybrid | Yes | NWCONFIG.NLM, RPM, X11-based GUI installer | binary updates, ZENWorks for Servers, Red Carpet | Proprietary | ||
OpenBSD | x86, x86-64, SPARC, 68k, Alpha, VAX, others | ffs, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, NFS, some others | Monolithic with modules | No[t 6] | ports tree, packages | by source | BSD, POSIX | ||
OpenVMS | VAX, Alpha, IA-64 | Files-11 (ODS), ISO 9660, NFS, CIFS | Monolithic with modules | No | PCSI, VMSINSTAL | ? | Proprietary | POSIX | |
OS/2 | x86 | HPFS, JFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS | Monolithic with modules | Yes | Feature Install and others | ? | Proprietary, DOS API, Win16 | Win32 | |
PC-BSD | x86[t 7] | UFS2, ext2, ext3, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, ReiserFS (read only), XFS (experimental) and others | Monolithic with modules | Yes | ports tree, packages, PBI Graphical Installers | by PBI updates, source, network binary update (freebsdupdate) | BSD, POSIX | Win16, Win32 | |
Plan 9 | x86, Alpha, MIPS, PPC, SPARC, others | fossil/venti, 9P2000, kfs, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660 | Monolithic, user space file systems | Yes | None | replica | Proprietary (Unix-like) | POSIX compatibility layer | |
QNX | x86, SH-4, PowerPC, ARM, MIPS | QNX4, QNX6, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, Joliet, NFS, CIFS, ETFS, UDF, HFS, HFS Plus, NTFS, and others. | Microkernel | POSIX, Java | |||||
ReactOS | x86, PowerPC | FAT | Hybrid | 1-2 million | Yes | None | None | Win32, NT API | |
RISC OS | ARM (both 26 and 32-bit) | Acorn ADFS, Econet ANFS, FAT, ISO 9660, many others as loadable filesystems | Unprotected monotasking microkernel with large number of relocatable modules | Yes | Applications self-contained; hardware drivers often in ROM | !IyoUpWtch | Huge number of SWI calls; extensive C libraries | ||
Solaris | x86, x86-64, SPARC | UFS, ZFS, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, QFS, some others | Monolithic with modules | Yes | SysV packages (pkgadd) | Sun Connection | SysV, POSIX, GTK, Java | Win16, Win32, Mono, Linux[3] | |
OpenSolaris | x86, x86-64, SPARC(AI) | UFS, ZFS, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, QFS, some others | Monolithic with modules | ~10 million | Yes | Image Packaging System (pkg), SysV packages (pkgadd) | Image Packaging System | SysV, POSIX, GTK, Java | Win16, Win32, Mono, Linux[3] |
STOP 6 / XTS-400 | x86 | Proprietary | Monolithic | No | RPM for some untrusted applications | Binary updates via postal mail and proprietary tools | some SysV, some POSIX, some Linux, some proprietary | ||
Windows Server (NT family) | x86, x86-64, IA-64 | NTFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF; 3rd-party drivers support ext2, ext3, reiserfs[t 8], and HFS | Hybrid | ~45 million[4] | Yes | MSI, custom installers | Windows Update | Win32, NT API | DOS API, Win16 (only in 32-bit versions), POSIX, .NET |
Windows (NT family) | x86, x86-64 | NTFS, FAT exFAT ISO 9660, UDF; 3rd-party drivers support ext2, ext3, reiserfs[t 8], HFS+, FATX, and HFS | Hybrid | ~ 40(XP)/64(Vista) million[citation needed] | Yes | MSI, custom installers | Windows Update | Win32, NT API | DOS API, Win16 (only in 32-bit versions), POSIX, .NET |
ZETA | x86 | BFS (default), FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, HFS, AFP, ext2, CIFS, NTFS (read only), ReiserFS (read only, up to v3.6) | Hybrid | Yes | SoftwareValet, script-based installers | None | POSIX, BeOS API | ||
z/OS | z/Architecture | VSAM catalogs, HFS, zFS, etc. | Monolithic | No | SMP/E | SMP/E | Access methods, etc. | POSIX | |
Name | Computer architectures supported | File systems supported | Kernel type | Source lines of code | GUI default is on[t 1] | Package management | Update management | Native APIs[t 2] | Non-native APIs supported through subsystems |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Operating systems where the GUI is not installed and turned on by default are often bundled with an implementation of the X Window System, installation of which is usually optional.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Most operating systems use proprietary APIs in addition to any supported standards.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Amiga OS features since OS 2.0 version a standard centralized Install utility called Installer, which could be used by any software house to install programs. It works as a LISP language interpreter, and install procedures could be listed as simple text. AmigaOS can also benefit of a 3rd party copyrighted library called XAD that is available for all POSIX (Unix, Linux, BSD, and for AmigaOS, MorphOS, etc.). This library is freely distributable and publicly available on Aminet Amiga centralized repository of all Open Source or Free programs and utilities. XAD.Library, complete with GUI Voodoo-X, is based on modules and capable to manage over 300 compression methods and package systems (Voodoo-X GUI supports 80 package systems), including those widely accepted as standards such as .ZIP, .CAB, .LHA, .LZX, .RPM, etc.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 A standard AmigaOS installation requires usually only few files (typically 3 to 10 files) to be copied in their appropriate directory, and libraries and language files for national localization to be put in their standard OS directories. Any Amiga user with some minimal experience knows where these files should be copied and could perform programs installations by hand.
- ↑ AmiUpdate is capable to update AmigaOS files and also all Amiga programs which are registered to use the same update program that is standard for Amiga. Updating AmigaOS requires only few libraries to be put in standard OS location (for example all libraries are stored in "Libs:" standard virtual device and absolute path finder for "Libs" directory, Fonts are all in "Fonts:" absolute locator, the files for language localization are all stored in "Locale:" and so on). This leaves Amiga users with a minimal knowledge of the system almost free to perform by hand the update of the system files.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 NetBSD and OpenBSD include the X Window System as base install sets, managed in their respective main source repository, including local modifications. Packages are also provided for more up-to-date versions which may be less tested.
- ↑ only i686 CPU
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Windows can read and write with Ext2 and Ext3 file systems only when a driver from FS-driver or ext2fsd is installed. However, using Explore2fs, Windows can read from, but not write to, Ext2 and Ext3 file systems. Windows can also access ReiserFS through rfstool and related programs.
Security[]
Resource access control |
Subsystem isolation mechanisms |
Integrated firewall |
Encrypted file systems |
No execute (NX) page flag |
Known unpatched vulnerabilities (severity is accounted for)[s 1] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Secunia | SecurityFocus | |||||||||||
Hardware | Emulation | Extremely critical (number / oldest) |
Highly critical (number / oldest) |
Moderately critical (number / oldest) |
Less critical (number / oldest) |
Not critical (number / oldest) |
Total (number / oldest) | |||||
AIX 6.1.3 | Unix, ACLs | chroot | IP Filter, IPsec VPNs, basic IDS | Yes | Yes[s 2] | N/A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Unknown |
FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE | Unix, ACLs, MAC | chroot, jail, MAC Partitions | IPFW2, IPFilter, PF | Yes | Yes | Yes[s 3] | Unknown | Unknown | ||||
HP-UX 11.31 | Unix, ACLs | chroot | IPFilter | No | ? | 0 | 0 | 3 [http://secunia.com/advisories/11969/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
1 [http://secunia.com/advisories/7702/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
0 | Unknown | |
Inferno | Unix | Namespaces, Capability-based security, no superuser or setuid bit | ? | ? | No | No | Unknown | Unknown | ||||
Linux 2.6.33 | Unix, ACLs[s 4], MAC | chroot, Capability-based security[s 5], seccomp, SELinux | Netfilter / Varied by distribution | Yes | Yes | Yes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 [http://secunia.com/advisories/11931/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
6 [http://secunia.com/advisories/14718/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
Unknown |
Mac OS 9.2.2 | No | No | No | No | No | No | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Unknown |
Mac OS X 10.6.3 | Unix, ACLs[s 6] | chroot | ipfw | Yes | Yes (as of 10.5, X64 Only) | Yes (Intel Only) | 0 | 0 | 1 [http://secunia.com/advisories/34424/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
2 [http://secunia.com/advisories/23653/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
4 [http://secunia.com/advisories/23062/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
Unknown |
NetBSD 5.0.1 | Unix, Veriexec, PaX, kauth | chroot, systrace, kauth | IPFilter, PF | Yes | Yes | No | Unknown | Unknown | ||||
NetWare 6.5 SP7 | Directory-enabled ACLs | Protected Address Spaces | IPFLT.NLM | Yes | Yes | No | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 [http://secunia.com/advisories/10100/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
0 | Unknown |
OES-Linux | Directory-enabled ACLs | chroot | IPFilter | Yes | Yes | No | Unknown | Unknown | ||||
OpenBSD 4.6 | Unix | chroot, systrace | PF | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unknown | Unknown | ||||
OpenVMS 8.4 | ACLs, Privileges | logical name tables | ? | ? | Yes | ? | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
OS/2 / eComStation | ACLs[s 7] | No | IP Filter | No | ? | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
PC-BSD | Unix, ACLs, MAC | chroot, jail, MAC Partitions | IPFW2, IPFilter, PF | Yes[s 8] | ? | Unknown | Unknown | |||||
Plan 9 | Unix (?) | Namespaces, Capability-based security, no superuser or setuid bit | ipmux | Yes | No | No | Unknown | Unknown | ||||
QNX 6.4.1 | Unix | ? | IP Filter | ? | ? | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 [http://secunia.com/advisories/7562/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
1 [http://secunia.com/advisories/7463/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
Unknown | |
Solaris 10 | Unix, RBAC, ACLs, Least privilege, Trusted Extensions | chroot, Containers[s 9], Logical Domains | IPFilter | Yes[s 10] | Yes | No | 0 | 2 [http://secunia.com/advisories/27423/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
4 [http://secunia.com/advisories/27328/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
2 [http://secunia.com/advisories/36668/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
1 [http://secunia.com/advisories/22714/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
Unknown |
OpenSolaris 2009.6 | Unix, RBAC, ACLs, Least privilege, Trusted Extensions | chroot, Containers[s 9], Logical Domains | IPFilter | Yes[s 10] | Yes | No | Unknown | Unknown | ||||
Windows Server 2008 R2 | ACLs, Privileges, RBAC | Win32 WindowStation, Desktop, Job objects | Windows Firewall | Yes | Yes | Yes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 [http://secunia.com/advisories/38365/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
0 | Unknown |
Windows 7 | ACLs, Privileges, RBAC | Win32 WindowStation, Desktop, Job objects | Windows Firewall | Yes | Yes[s 11] | Yes[s 12] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 [http://secunia.com/advisories/38365/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
0 | Unknown |
Windows Vista Ent SP2 | ACLs, Privileges, RBAC | Win32 WindowStation, Desktop, Job objects | Windows Firewall | Yes | Yes[s 11] | Yes[s 12] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 [http://secunia.com/advisories/31824/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
3 [http://secunia.com/advisories/24245/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
Unknown |
Windows XP Pro SP3 | ACLs | Win32 WindowStation, Desktop, Job objects | Windows Firewall | Yes (With NTFS) | Yes[s 11] | Yes[s 12] | 0 | 2 [http://secunia.com/advisories/37592/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
6 [http://secunia.com/advisories/7793/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
17 [http://secunia.com/advisories/7824/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
13 [http://secunia.com/advisories/7121/ IMPLEMENTATION OF DATE
|
Unknown |
ZETA | Unix[s 13] | No | No | No | No | No | Unknown | |||||
STOP 6 / XTS-400[s 14] | Unix, Multilevel security, Biba mandatory integrity, ACLs, Privileges, subtype mechanism | Multilevel security, Biba Integrity Model, subtype mechanism | No | No | No | No | Unknown | |||||
z/OS | RACF | RACF, key-protected address spaces | z/OS IPSecurity | Optional | Yes (key-protected address spaces) | Yes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Unknown |
Resource access control |
Subsystem isolation mechanisms |
Integrated firewall |
Encrypted file systems |
Hardware | Emulation | Extremely critical (number / oldest) |
Highly critical (number / oldest) |
Moderately critical (number / oldest) |
Less critical (number / oldest) |
Not critical (number / oldest) |
Total (number / oldest) | |
No execute (NX) page flag |
Secunia | SecurityFocus | ||||||||||
Known unpatched vulnerabilities (severity is accounted for)[s 1] |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Comparison of known unpatched vulnerabilities based on Secunia & SecurityFocus reports with severity of Not critical & above. Update lists manually with oldest published date(s).
- ↑ AIX use the PowerPC architecture which offer page-level protection mechanism. Since AIX version 5300-03 (5.3), this feature can be activated using the sedmgr command.
- ↑ The GCC stack protection (a.k.a. ProPolice Stack-Smashing Protector) has been enabled in base system since FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE.
- ↑ POSIX ACL support is included in Linux 2.6, but requires a file system capable of storing them (such as ext3, XFS or ReiserFS).
- ↑ A jail mechanism is available separately in the Linux-VServer project, but is not integrated into any mainline Linux kernel.
- ↑ ACLs were added to Mac OS X beginning with version 10.4.
- ↑ ACLs are available only in OS/2 Server versions with HPFS386 filesystem.
- ↑ Additionally swap space may be encrypted during installation, uses memory based tmp file storage by default.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Solaris Containers" (including "Zones") are a jail-type mechanism introduced with Solaris 10.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Through ZFS
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Available on XP sp2, 2003 sp1 and newer.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 By default, software-enforced DEP helps protect only limited system binaries.
- ↑ Zeta has full Unix file permissions, but the OS is single user, and users always run as superuser.
- ↑ STOP 6 is certified under Common Criteria at EAL5+.
Commands[]
For POSIX compliant (or partly compliant) systems like FreeBSD, Linux, Mac OS X or Solaris, the basic commands are the same because they are standardized.
description | FreeBSD | Linux | MacOSX | Solaris | Windows (cmd) | Windows (powershell) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
list directory | ls | ls | ls | ls | dir | dir & ls & Get-ChildItem |
clear console | clear | clear | clear | clear | cls | clear |
copy file(s) | cp | cp | cp | cp | copy | cp & Copy-Item |
move file(s) | mv | mv | mv | mv | move | mv & Move-Item |
rename file(s) | mv | mv, rename | mv | mv | ren, rename | ren, mv |
delete file(s) | rm | rm | rm | rm | del (erase) | rm & Remove-Item |
delete directory | rmdir | rmdir | rmdir | rmdir | rd (rmdir) | rm -r & rmdir |
create directory | mkdir | mkdir | mkdir | mkdir | md (mkdir) | mkdir |
change current directory | cd | cd | cd | cd | cd (chdir) | cd & Set-Location |
run shell script with new shell | sh file.sh | sh file.sh | sh file.sh | sh file.sh | cmd /c file.cmd | ? |
kill processes | kill, killall | pkill, killall | kill | kill, pkill | taskkill | taskkill |
change process priority | nice | nice | nice | nice | start /low, start /normal, start /high, start /realtime | ? |
change io priority | ? | ionice | ? | ? | ? | ? |
create file system | newfs | mkfs | ? | newfs | format | ? |
file system check and recovery | fsck | fsck | fsck | fsck | chkdsk | ? |
create software raid | atacontrol, gmirror | (mdadm—create) | ? | metainit, zfs create | ? | ? |
mount device | mount | mount | diskutil mount | mount | mountvol | mount & New-PSDrive |
unmount device | umount | umount | diskutil unmount(disk) | umount | mountvol /d | Remove-PSDrive |
mount file as block device | vnconfig + mount | mount -o loop | ? | ? | ? | ? |
show network configration | ifconfig | ifconfig | ifconfig | ifconfig | ipconfig | ipconfig |
show network route | route | route | ? | route | route | ? |
trace network route | traceroute | traceroute | traceroute | traceroute | tracert | tracert |
trace network route with pings | ? | (mtr) | ? | ? | pathping | pathping |
description | FreeBSD | Linux | MacOSX | Solaris | Windows (cmd) | Windows (powershell) |
See also[]
- Comparison of BSD operating systems
- Comparison of command shells
- Comparison of file systems
- Comparison of kernels
- Comparison of Linux distributions
- Comparison of open source operating systems
- Comparison of Windows and Linux
- Comparison of Windows versions
- Comparison of x86 DOS operating systems
- List of operating systems
- MacvsWindows
- Operating system advocacy
- Timeline of operating systems
- Usage share of operating systems
References[]
- ↑ http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-vista/compare-editions/default.aspx
- ↑ Jobs, Steve (2006-08-07). "Live from WWDC 2006: Steve Jobs Keynote". Retrieved 2007-02-16. "86 million lines of source code that was ported to run on an entirely new architecture with zero hiccups."
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 http://opensolaris.org/os/community/brandz/
- ↑ Ben Liblit, Andrew Begel, and Eve Sweetser. "Cognitive Perspectives on the Role of Naming in Computer Programs". Retrieved 2007-12-26.
External links[]
File:Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg | Wikibooks has a book on the topic of |
- "Operating System Technological Comparison". Retrieved May 9, 2005.
- How to choose the right operating system for you
- REDIRECT Template:Operating system
bn:অপারেটিং সিস্টেমসমূহের তুলনা